abstract struct Int
Overview
Int is the base type of all integer types.
There are four signed integer types: Int8, Int16, Int32 and Int64,
being able to represent numbers of 8, 16, 32 and 64 bits respectively.
There are four unsigned integer types: UInt8, UInt16, UInt32 and UInt64.
An integer literal is an optional #+ or #- sign, followed by
a sequence of digits and underscores, optionally followed by a suffix.
If no suffix is present, the literal's type is the lowest between Int32, Int64 and UInt64
in which the number fits:
1 # Int32
1_i8 # Int8
1_i16 # Int16
1_i32 # Int32
1_i64 # Int64
1_u8 # UInt8
1_u16 # UInt16
1_u32 # UInt32
1_u64 # UInt64
+10 # Int32
-20 # Int32
2147483648 # Int64
9223372036854775808 # UInt64The underscore _ before the suffix is optional.
Underscores can be used to make some numbers more readable:
1_000_000 # better than 1000000Binary numbers start with 0b:
0b1101 # == 13Octal numbers start with 0o:
0o123 # == 83Hexadecimal numbers start with 0x:
0xFE012D # == 16646445
0xfe012d # == 16646445Included Modules
Direct Known Subclasses
Defined in:
int.crtime/span.cr
time/span.cr
big/big_int.cr
big/big_rational.cr
json/to_json.cr
Constructors
-
.from_io(io : IO, format : IO::ByteFormat) : self
Reads an integer from the given io in the given format.
Instance Method Summary
-
#%(other : Int)
Returns
selfmodulo other. - #%(other : BigInt) : BigInt
- #*(other : BigRational)
- #*(other : BigInt) : BigInt
-
#**(exponent : Float) : Float64
Returns the value of raising
selfto the power of exponent. -
#**(exponent : Int) : self
Returns the value of raising
selfto the power of exponent. - #+(other : BigRational)
- #+(other : BigInt) : BigInt
- #-(other : BigRational)
- #-(other : BigInt) : BigInt
- #/(other : BigRational)
-
#/(other : Int)
Divides
selfby other using floored division. - #/(other : BigInt) : BigInt
-
#<<(count : Int)
Returns the result of shifting this number's bits count positions to the left.
- #<=>(other : BigInt)
- #<=>(other : BigRational)
- #===(char : Char)
-
#>>(count : Int)
Returns the result of shifting this number's bits count positions to the right.
- #abs
-
#bit(bit)
Returns this number's bitth bit, starting with the least-significant.
- #ceil
-
#chr
Returns a
Charthat has the unicode codepoint ofself. - #day
- #days
- #divisible_by?(num)
- #downto(to)
- #downto(to, &block : self -> ) : Nil
- #even?
- #fdiv(other)
- #floor
- #gcd(other : Int)
- #gcm(other : BigInt) : Int
- #hash
- #hour
- #hours
- #lcm(other : Int)
- #lcm(other : BigInt) : BigInt
- #millisecond
- #milliseconds
- #minute
- #minutes
- #modulo(other)
- #month
- #months
- #odd?
-
#popcount
Counts
1-bits in the binary representation of this integer. - #pred
-
#remainder(other : Int)
Returns
selfremainder other. - #round
- #second
- #seconds
- #succ
-
#tdiv(other : Int)
Divides
selfby other using truncated division. - #times(&block : self -> ) : Nil
- #times
- #to(to)
- #to(to, &block : self -> ) : Nil
-
#to_big_i : BigInt
Returns a
BigIntrepresenting this integer. -
#to_big_r
Returns a
BigRationalrepresenting this integer. -
#to_io(io : IO, format : IO::ByteFormat)
Writes this integer to the given io in the given format.
- #to_json(json : JSON::Builder)
- #to_s(base : Int, upcase : Bool = false)
- #to_s(io : IO)
- #to_s(base : Int, io : IO, upcase : Bool = false)
- #to_s
- #trunc
- #upto(to)
- #upto(to, &block : self -> ) : Nil
- #week
- #weeks
- #year
- #years
- #~
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigRational)
<(other : T)
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T)
>,
>=(other : T)
>=
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigInt)
<(other : T)
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T)
>,
>=(other : T)
>=
Instance methods inherited from struct Number
*(other : Complex)*(other : BigFloat) *, +(other : BigFloat)
+(other : Complex)
+ +, -(other : Complex)
-(other : BigFloat) -, /(other : Complex) /, <=>(other : BigFloat)
<=>(other) <=>, ==(other : Complex) ==, abs abs, abs2 abs2, cis cis, clamp(min, max)
clamp(range : Range) clamp, divmod(number) divmod, i i, round(digits, base = 10) round, sign sign, significant(digits, base = 10) significant, step(*, to = nil, by = 1)
step(*, to = nil, by = 1, &block) step, to_big_f to_big_f, to_c to_c, to_yaml(yaml : YAML::Builder) to_yaml, zero? : Bool zero?
Constructor methods inherited from struct Number
zero : self
zero
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(BigFloat)
<(other : T)
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T)
>,
>=(other : T)
>=
Instance methods inherited from module Comparable(Number)
<(other : T)
<,
<=(other : T)
<=,
<=>(other : T)
<=>,
==(other : T)
==,
>(other : T)
>,
>=(other : T)
>=
Instance methods inherited from struct Value
==(other)
==,
dup
dup
Instance methods inherited from class Object
!=(other)
!=,
!~(other)
!~,
==(other)
==,
===(other : JSON::Any)===(other : YAML::Any)
===(other) ===, =~(other) =~, class class, dup dup, hash hash, inspect(io : IO)
inspect inspect, itself itself, not_nil! not_nil!, pretty_inspect(width = 79, newline = "\n", indent = 0) : String pretty_inspect, pretty_print(pp : PrettyPrint) : Nil pretty_print, tap(&block) tap, to_json(io : IO)
to_json to_json, to_pretty_json(indent : String = " ")
to_pretty_json(io : IO, indent : String = " ") to_pretty_json, to_s
to_s(io : IO) to_s, to_yaml(io : IO)
to_yaml to_yaml, try(&block) try, unsafe_as(type : T.class) forall T unsafe_as
Constructor methods inherited from class Object
from_json(string_or_io, root : String) : selffrom_json(string_or_io) : self from_json, from_yaml(string_or_io) : self from_yaml
Constructor Detail
Reads an integer from the given io in the given format.
See also: IO#read_bytes.
Instance Method Detail
Returns the value of raising self to the power of exponent.
2 ** 3.0 # => 8.0
2 ** 0.0 # => 1.0
2 ** -1.0 # => 0.5Returns the value of raising self to the power of exponent.
Raises ArgumentError if exponent is negative: if this is needed,
either use a float base or a float exponent.
2 ** 3 # => 8
2 ** 0 # => 1
2 ** -1 # ArgumentErrorDivides self by other using floored division.
In floored division, given two integers x and y:
- q = x / y is rounded toward negative infinity
- r = x % y has the sign of the second argument
- x == q*y + r
For example:
x y x / y x % y
5 3 1 2
-5 3 -2 1
5 -3 -2 -1
-5 -3 1 -2Raises if other is zero, or if other is -1 and
self is signed and is the minimum value for that
integer type.
Returns the result of shifting this number's bits count positions to the left.
- If count is greater than the number of bits of this integer, returns 0
- If count is negative, a right shift is performed
8000 << 1 # => 16000
8000 << 2 # => 32000
8000 << 32 # => 0
8000 << -1 # => 4000Returns the result of shifting this number's bits count positions to the right. Also known as arithmetic right shift.
- If count is greater than the number of bits of this integer, returns 0
- If count is negative, a left shift is performed
8000 >> 1 # => 4000
8000 >> 2 # => 2000
8000 >> 32 # => 0
8000 >> -1 # => 16000
-8000 >> 1 # => -4000Returns this number's bitth bit, starting with the least-significant.
11.bit(0) # => 1
11.bit(1) # => 1
11.bit(2) # => 0
11.bit(3) # => 1
11.bit(4) # => 0Returns a Char that has the unicode codepoint of self.
Raises ArgumentError if this integer's value doesn't fit a char's range (0..0x10ffff).
97.chr # => 'a'Counts 1-bits in the binary representation of this integer.
5.popcount # => 2
-15.popcount # => 29Returns self remainder other.
This uses truncated division.
See Int#div for more details.
Divides self by other using truncated division.
In truncated division, given two integers x and y:
q = x.tdiv(y)is rounded toward zeror = x.remainder(y)has the sign of the first argumentx == q*y + r
For example:
x y x / y x % y
5 3 1 2
-5 3 -1 -2
5 -3 -1 2
-5 -3 1 -2Raises if other is 0, or if other is -1 and
self is signed and is the minimum value for that
integer type.
Writes this integer to the given io in the given format.
See also: IO#write_bytes.